评论
收藏
点赞
奇速英语阅读:北大三次拒收河南考生,声称“录取也会被劝退”
阅读量:24787 2019.08.14 作者: 奇速小牛
奇速英语阅读理解:今天奇速英语和广大英语阅读爱好者分享的主题是北大三次拒收河南考生,声称“录取也会被劝退”全国高考志愿填报参考系统将两名来自河南贫困地区的学生分配给著名的北京大学,但北京大学以分数过低为由拒绝接收该考生的行为引发热议。
Peking Univ.Rejects,Then Accepts,Rural Students’Admissions
北京大学从拒绝到接受:农村特招学生的升学难题
China’s college admission system assigned two students from an underprivileged area of Henan to the prestigious Peking University,but the school sparked an online backlash when it objected to their low test scores.
全国高考志愿填报参考系统将两名来自河南贫困地区的学生分配给著名的北京大学,但北京大学以分数过低为由拒绝接收该考生的行为引发热议。
There had been“noncompliance”in handling the students’digital applications,Peking University wrote in a social media post Sunday,adding that it had begun the process of accepting the two students,ranked seventh and eighth under Henan’s special enrolment plan for rural students.
北京大学的官方社交媒体周日发帖表示,在网上处理学生录取信息时存在违规行为,并补充表示,该校已经同意接收这两名学生。这两名学生在河南农村特招计划中分别排名第七和第八。
Peking had previously tried to reject the two students—who were assigned to the school by China’s university admission system—for scoring over 100 points lower on the gaokao,China’s grueling college entrance exam,compared with other students the school admitted from Henan this year.
在此之前,北大曾试图拒绝接收这两名学生——他们是由全国高考志愿填报参考系统分配到北大的——拒绝原因在于,与同年北大录取河南地区的其他学生相比,他们的高考分数要低到100分以上。
By Monday afternoon,a hashtag translating to“Peking University to readmit rejected Henan students”had been viewed 540 million times on Weibo,even reaching the top spot on the microblogging platform’s trending topics list at one point.
截止至周一(8月12日)下午,微博上面被称作“北京大学拒绝录取河南考生”的话题标签已经被阅读5.4亿次,并且直接登上微博的热搜榜榜首。
In 2012,China’s central government introduced the concept of special enrollment plans,aimed at helping students in 680 poverty-stricken counties go to college and bridging the gap between them and their more privileged peers in cities.Though the plans vary by province,they center around offering preferential admission to students with lower gaokao scores.
在2012年,中央引入了农村特招计划的概念,目的在于帮助680个贫困县学生上大学,并缩减这些地区与城市中享有更多特权的同龄人之间的鸿沟。尽管各省份的具体特招计划大不相同,但本质上而言都是为高考分数较低的考生提供录取优惠。
In the days before Peking University announced its reversal,a photograph of a document purportedly showing the school’s exchange with Henan’s higher education admissions office,the body responsible for the assignments,went viral on Chinese social media.
在北京大学宣布拒绝录取该学生的前几天,一张据称展示了北大与河南高等教育招生办互动交流的文件内容在中国社交媒体上疯传。
According to the unverified document,Peking had tried three times to get the eighth-ranked student assigned elsewhere,arguing that,because his test score was low,he would“very likely fail his classes and get expelled if admitted”—a view that was poorly received by netizens.
根据这封未经证实的文件,北大曾连续三次企图让排名第八位的贫困生调整到其他学校,理由则是他的高考分数太低,他“极有可能挂科,就算被录取,早晚也是被退学。”——这种观点并没有得到网民的认可。
Domestic media later identified the student referenced in the document as a boy surnamed Zhao from Xincai No.1 High School in Henan’s Xincai County.A netizen believed to be Zhao had first posted the photo on the Quora-like forum website Zhihu on July 20,along with an account of his situation.He later edited the post to say that he had decided to retake the gaokao,before finally deleting it altogether on July 31,according to a version history of the post.
随后相关媒体进行确认,文件中所涉及的学生则是河南新蔡县新蔡第一中学的一名赵姓男孩。这张图片在7月20日于知乎上,被可能是这个赵姓男孩的网友首次公开网络,并附加了情况说明。根据这条帖子的历史版本,他后来再次进行了编辑,表示自己决定重新参加高考,随后帖子于7月31日被删除。
Xiong Bingqi,deputy director of the 21st Century Education Research Institute,a think tank in Shanghai,told that given the rules of university admissions,it seems unreasonable to reject students who are matched according to enrolment procedures.
上海智库21世纪教育研究院副院长熊先生在接受采访时表示,考虑到大学的招生规则,擅自拒绝符合招生程序的学生的确不太合理。”
“The reason these students with low scores were matched with Peking University is because this year,Peking was not the preferred destination for top-scoring rural students under the special enrollment plan,”Xiong said,alluding to the fact that the national admission system takes into account both the students’scores and their top choices for schools—two variables that,when considered together,have been known to produce some surprising pairings.
“之所以这些分数较低的学生能被分配到北大,是因为今年北大并没有优先录取分数较高的农村特招计划学生。”他如是说,并随口提到这是一套由学生分数和第一志愿组成的系统——他们选择这两个变量,由系统进行统筹,却产生了令人惊讶的配对结果。
Though rare,it’s not unheard-of for below-average students to be admitted to elite universities.In 2017,Tsinghua University—Beijing’s other top school—admitted a student from the northeastern Heilongjiang province who had also scored far below the university’s average.
尽管这可能性微乎其微,但中等偏下的学生被顶尖大学录取并非闻所未闻。2017年,清华大学——另一所北京的顶尖学府——录取了一名成绩远低于该校平均水平的黑龙江学生。
“Since the matching process is implemented according to the(special enrollment)plans,the students don’t know their relative rankings when they submit their preference lists,and so the universities can’t independently set baselines for test scores,”Xiong said.“This makes the whole process a game of chance for both students and universities.”
熊先生说:“由于配对的过程是根据(特殊招生)计划来实施,学生们在提交自己的志愿列表时并不知道自己的相对排名,因此大学也同样无法独立设置考试成绩的基准。”“这使得整个过程对学生和大学来说都是一场碰运气的游戏。”
To ensure that they get the cream of the academic crop,top-tier universities like Peking and Tsinghua also compete against each other to earn the No.1 spot on students’preference lists,as the influential domestic magazine People documented in 2014.
据2014年国内颇具影响力的杂志《人物》记载,为了确保北大和清华这样的顶尖学府能在学术上脱颖而出,它们之间仍然会相互竞争,抢夺优秀学生的第一志愿。
Zhou Chunmei graduated from Tsinghua’s journalism school in July.As a former volunteer for the university’s admissions office,she says things like this happen.“There are good years and bad years,”Zhou told that.“We compete against Peking to get the top students and establish a higher baseline score for the year.”If a school admits a few low-scoring students,this affects the overall average,she explained.
周女士今年7月毕业于清华大学新闻学院。作为该校招生办的一名前志愿者,她说这样的事情时有发生。“有好年景,也有坏年景,”周女士表示。“我们和北京大学竞争,以争夺更多的优等生,并且在今年设定了更高的分数线。”她进一步解释,如果一所学校录取了个别几个低分学生,整个学校的平均水平就会被牵连。
In many cases,universities begin eyeing rising stars as early as two years before the gaokao,often through backchannel communications with top high schools.“Say you perform well on the gaokao and there’s one university that approaches you while the others just leave you alone—you’ll certainly be inclined(to choose them),”a Tsinghua Ph.D.candidate surnamed Zhuang,who also volunteered for the school’s undergraduate admissions office.
在更多的情况下,大学在高考前就已经开始发掘初露头角的新星,这往往是与顶尖高中进行私下洽谈。清华大学本科生招生办公室志愿者、博士生庄先生在接受采访时表示:“如果你在高考中表现优异,此时正好有所大学对你投桃报李,其他大学却对你视若无睹,你毋庸置疑会选择前者。”
考生分数太低被北大三次退档
2019年,北京大学在国家专项计划中向河南省理科投放8个招生名额。排名第八的考生分数为538分,超过一本线36分,服从专业调剂,后被北大提档。但北大提档20分钟后,就以考生入学后完成不了学业会被退学为由,申请退档。
网传的截图,疑似来自考生查询系统,显示该生投档院校是北京大学,时间是7月10日,退档原因显示在下方的备注栏里:高考成绩过低,据我校教学强度,若录取该生,考生入校后极有可能因完不成学业被退学。本着以人为本,为考生负责的态度,特向贵办申请退档。
河南省招生办尝试为该考生争取,回复:“河南整体生源质量较高,考生基础扎实、请考虑为盼”。一分钟后,北京大学又以前述理由表示退档。
河南省招生办尝试第二次为该生争取,回复:“按照‘高校负责,招办监督’的录取原则,请贵校研究决定,遗留问题由学校负责。”又一分钟后,北京大学还是以前述理由表示退档,河南省招生办无奈接受。
北大终妥协,补录低分学生引不满
在北大校内匿名平台“树洞”中,部分学生对补录的决定表达不满。图片来源:微博账号“FeiRil”尽管大多数北大学生对补录表示认可,但也有人对两名分数与北大招生分数线差距较大的学生能够通过专项招生计划入学感到不解。在“树洞”的部分匿名发言中,甚至将两位补录进入北大的考生称为“捡漏”。
清华大学与斯坦福大学2015年在《The China Quarterly》上共同公布的数据显示,2003年农村学生进入大学的比例为7%,城市学生为48%。如果仅考察211院校的升学率,农村学生进入211院校的比例为0.6%,城市学生的概率则为7%。而在清华、北大两所顶尖大学,农村学生与城市学生的录取率差距高达43倍,分别为0.003%和0.13%。
为了促进教育公平,教育部等五部门于2012年起开始实施面向贫困地区定向招生专项计划,定向招收边远、贫困、民族等地区县(含县级市)以下成绩优良的农村学生。北京大学此次在河南的8个专项计划理科录取名额就来自于该政策。
最终北大决定补录河南两名遭到退档的考生,北大的这种从善如流选择无伤北大形象。相反,北大知错能改才能维护好北大的声誉,也是维护北大声誉的最好选择。因为北大补录退档考生,实质上是向高考招生规则低头,这并不丢人。
实际上相比较北大为了招录优质生源而言,遵守高考招生录取规则更为重要,这是最基本的契约精神。如果北大为了招录优质生源,嫌弃符合规则但高考成绩不是特别理想的考生,采取破坏高考招生录取规则的方式给予退档、拒录,这不只是损害被退档考生的合法权益,背离了国家专项计划照顾、优惠寒门子弟的初衷,更违背了高考制度本身的公平、公正原则,伤害了高考制度的公信力和在社会大众心中的信任、信心。
“之所以这些分数较低的学生能被分配到北大,是因为今年北大并没有优先录取分数较高的农村特招计划学生。”他如是说,并随口提到这是一套由学生分数和第一志愿组成的系统——他们选择这两个变量,由系统进行统筹,却产生了令人惊讶的配对结果。更多奇速英语阅读资讯,请持续关注奇速英语:www.qisuabc.com